SUI Public Chain: The Upgrade Path from High-Performance Scalability to Programmability Internet Stack

As Web3 technology continues to evolve, smart contract languages are gradually migrating from Ethereum's Solidity to the more secure and resource-abstracting Move language. Move was originally developed by Meta for the Diem project and features resources as first-class citizens and formal verification friendliness, making it an important choice for the underlying architecture of the next generation of public chains.

In this context, Aptos and SUI have become the dual core representatives of the Move ecosystem. Aptos was launched by the original Diem core team, continuing the native Move technology stack, emphasizing stability and security. SUI, on the other hand, inherits the Move security model while introducing object-oriented data structures and parallel execution mechanisms, forming a SUI Move branch that achieves performance breakthroughs and innovations, reconstructing on-chain resource management and transaction execution models. SUI not only pursues high TPS but fundamentally rewrites the operating mechanism of blockchain, providing a technical foundation for complex interactions and large-scale Web3 applications.

1. Technical Advantages and Ecological Development of SUI

Compared to Solana, SUI uses the more secure Move language, avoiding vulnerabilities caused by Rust parallelism in Solana. SUI has lower hardware requirements, which is beneficial for decentralization. In terms of performance, both are comparable, but SUI has lower confirmation delays. In terms of ecology, SUI is growing faster and achieving differentiation in new areas such as BTCFi.

Compared to Aptos, SUI's object model is more efficient, with higher user growth and developer activity. SUI attempts a diverse narrative, with strong support from the foundation, and the market is more optimistic about its prospects.

Compared to Ethereum L2, SUI has advantages in ultra-low latency and high concurrency scenarios, making it suitable for high TPS applications such as games. However, L2 enjoys strong network effects and security backing, and the two may coexist in the long term.

2. Rapid Growth of SUI Ecosystem Data

Since the mainnet launch in May 2023, SUI user growth has been rapid:

• Create over 123 million user addresses by April 2025
• Monthly active addresses will exceed 40 million starting from February 2025
• By the end of 2024, the daily new addresses will rise from 150,000 to over 1,000,000.
• As of mid-2025, the total locked amount in cross-chain is approximately $2.55 billion.
• In April 2025, the market value of stablecoins reached a new high of over 800 million dollars.

SUI has fully covered high-frequency scenarios such as order book DEX, real-time PvP games, and social interactions. After the Mahi-Mahi upgrade, the target TPS will exceed 400,000, but stability under high concurrency still needs to be continuously validated.

3. SUI Ecosystem Layout and Core Projects

The SUI ecosystem is currently dominated by DeFi and BTCFi, with gaming/NFT/social being secondary, and AI tools and derivatives still in the early stages. RWA lending and on-chain derivatives are the main blank areas.

Core ecological projects include:

• Momentum: Innovative DEX, trading volume exceeds 1 billion USD, adopting ve(3,3) model
• Haedal: A leading liquid staking protocol with TVL exceeding 200 million USD
• Cetus: A DEX supporting multiple liquidity algorithms, with a peak daily trading volume exceeding 300 million USD.
• Navi: One-stop liquidity protocol, TVL 200 million USD, over 830,000 users

The SUI Foundation and Mysten Labs continue to invest in the infrastructure layer, such as Walrus, Seal, Nautilus, etc., laying a deep competitive barrier for the ecosystem.

4. The Value Positioning Upgrade of SUI

SUI is upgrading from a "high-performance parallel chain" to a "Programmability internet stack," attempting to integrate traditional internet components into the same native protocol stack. The main directions include:

1. Web2 SaaS Migration: Reconstructing content distribution, social interactions, and other non-financial interactions.
2. Offline networks and extreme scenarios: Developing innovative solutions for weak network environments
3. AI Verifiable: Focus on AI weights, inference logs, and other on-chain auditability.

Technically, SUI has achieved breakthroughs in protocol dynamic upgrades, sub-second consensus, and optimization of the Move language. The ecological components cover full-stack needs including storage, encryption, and privacy computing.

SUI is striving to transform from a high-performance public chain to a general infrastructure that serves the large-scale implementation of Web3, building a decentralized, composable, user-sovereign new generation of internet infrastructure.